Investigation |
Inquiry |
Trial |
Investigation is conducted by Police or by any other person authorized by law but not by Magistrate. |
Inquiry is conducted by Magistrate or by any other person authorized by law. |
Trial is conducted by Magistrate or by Judge. |
It relates to an offence |
It relates to an offence before framing of charge or any other non-offence matter like security proceedings under Section 107 CrPC, dispute of possession under sections 133, 145, 147 CrPC or commitment to Sessions Courts under Section 209 CrPC |
It relates to an offence |
It is not on oath. |
It is on oath |
It is on oath |
It results either in charge sheet or final report (section 173 CrPC). It is a non-judicial proceeding. |
In Inquiry if the judicial process is completed it will not result in acquittal/conviction. It may result in discharge or commitment to trial. |
A trial leads either to conviction or acquittal. |
It generally starts either on FIR or on order of Magistrate |
It generally starts either on FIR or on order of Magistrate |
It starts either on complaint or on Police report or on Magistrate’s report |
It includes discovery, arrest, seizure, search and medical examination, etc |
It includes recording of evidence only |
It adjudicates upon the evidence so recorded. |
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